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Pic
ture
6.1
Name each information technology facility below.
A. Lead-in
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
UNIT
6
Before having a conversation with someone, sometimes you need to attract his/her
attention. Do you know how to do it?
People always want to share news that they have got with others, especially the
interesting one. Do you happen to know how to tell interesting news effectively?
Do you like watching television, listening to the radio, or accessing the internet?
From those media, you can get a lot of information. In this unit, you will be exposed to
reports on information technology facilities. Besides reading reports, you will have the
opportunity to write your own reports on IT facilities which interest you most through fun
tasks.
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6.2
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6.3
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6.4
Task 1
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Answer the following questions based on your knowledge. Share
your answers with your classmates in groups of four.
1. Which facilities are you familiar with?
2. Which facilities are you interested in?
3. Which facilities do you find difficult to use?
4. Which facilities do you usually use in your daily life?
5. How do you usually tell news to your relatives who live far away?
Focus on Listening and Speaking
Listen to the dialogue between a lady, a policeman, and Adi.
Notice how the lady and Adi attract the policeman’s attention.
Then, answer the questions. The listening script is in the
Appendix.
Situation: A lady reports to a policeman that she has lost her mobile phone. Fortunately, Adi finds
the mobile phone. He gives it to the policeman, and the policeman gives it back to the lady.
Questions
1.
What is the lady’s problem?
2. What does the lady do when she knows that her mobile phone is gone?
3. Who finds the l
ady’s mobile phone?
4.
How does the lady attract the policeman’s attention? What does she say?
5.
How does Adi attract the policeman’s attention? What does he say?
B. Lesson Proper
Task 2
Task 3
F
U
N S
P
A
C
E
Necessity is the mother of invention.
The need for something forces people to find a way of obtaining
it.
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Study the following expressions.
Listen to some short dialogues and then write down the expressions
of attracting someone’s attention you find in the dialogues. The
listening script is in the Appendix.
Expressions t
o Attract Someone’s Attention
1.
Dialogue 1
2.
Dialogue 2
3.
Dialogue 3
In the dialogue between a lady, a policeman, and Adi in Task 3, you find
two expressions which are used to attract someone’s attention.
1. The lady says EXCUSE ME, OFFICER.
2. Adi says SIR.
You can use other expressions to attract someone’s attention, for example:
In formal situations
In informal situations
May I have your attention?
Excuse me.
Good morning. (Greetings)
Sorry.
Hi.
Harry. (names)
Look!
(and other imperatives)
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6.5
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6.6
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6.7
Task 4
Task 5
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Listen to a report on the internet and then complete the following
points to check your comprehension. The listening script is in the
Appendix.
1. What the internet is
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. How the internet connects people
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. What the internet can do
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. What the internet provides people with
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. Forms of messages the internet can send
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
In pairs, study the following dialogue and then answer the
questions to check your comprehension. After that, act it out with
your partner.
Wayan Legawa
: Hi, Ida. Have you heard about our English homework?
Ida
: Our English homework? What is it?
Wayan Legawa
:
It’s interesting
. Mrs Hayati wants us to submit it
through e-mail.
Ida
: E-
mail? That’
ll be great.
Wayan Legawa
: Do you think it would benefit us?
Ida
: Yes, of course. We can search for a lot of information in
the internet while submitting our assignments or
homework. You have got an e-
mail account, haven’t you?
Wayan Legawa
: Yes. But...
I haven’t opened my e
-mail for three months. I
think
it’s already blocked.
Ida
: Don’t worry.
I can help you unblock your e-mail.
Wayan Legawa
: Really? Thank you very much.
Ida
: No worries.
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ture
6.8
Task 6
Task 7
Internet computer
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Questions
1. What are they talking about?
2. What is the interesting news?
3. What benefit will they get according to Ida?
4. What does Wayan Legawa worry about?
5. How does Wayan Legawa tell Ida the interesting news? What does he say?
In pairs, study the following expressions.
Complete the following dialogues with suitable expressions (to tell
interesting news) based on the clue (picture).
1.
In the dialogue between Wayan Legawa and Ida, you find an expression to tell
interesting news. Wayan Legawa says
IT’S INTERESTING
to tell Ida the he has got
interesting news. There are many other expressions you can use to tell interesting news,
for example:
In formal situations
In informal situations
I announce that...
.
This is our great pleasure that...
.
I have interesting news.
I have excellent news.
Marvellous, there...
.
What is it?
Our school has a
website on the
internet.
Adi, ______________
__________________
__________________
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6.9
Task 8
Task 9
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2.
3.
4.
________________ there will
be extra payment for you all
on your great job.
What is it?
It’s a music
concert.
Many famous
musicians will
come.
Guys, ____________
__________________
__________________
Elizabeth, _________
__________________
__________________
__________________
What’s so
interesting?
I’ve found that the
prices of the computers
in the exhibition are
30% lower than normal
ones.
Pic
ture
6.10
Picture 6.11
Pic
ture
6.12
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115
5.
Study the following rule.
Pronounce the words and classify whether they are pronounced [
•
]
or [
•
].
thus
Thursday
strength
then
thunder
bath
theory
within
myth
thin
brother
nothing
••
]
••
]
...
...
...
...
Sanusi____________
__________________
__________________
__________________
I’ve found a site containing
cool pictures of football
players and we can
download them for free.
What’s so
interesting?
In the dialogue between Wayan Legawa and Ida, you find that
the, that, think,
month, through,
and
three
are pronounced differently
.
••
]
••
]
think
[
• •• •
]
the
[
• •
or
• •
]
through
•• •• •
]
that
[
• • •
]
three
[
• ••
]
month
•• • • •
]
Pic
ture
6.13
Task 10
Task 11
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...
...
...
...
In pairs, complete the following dialogue with suitable expressions
and then act it out with your partner.
Putri
:
...
.
I’ve got somethi
ng to tell you
. ....
Fredy
: Interesting? What is it about?
Putri
: It’s about our school.
....
It’s great, you know.
Fredy
: You must be joking. It’s wonderful. We can access
... from the
internet.
Putri
: All students are allowed to use the internet during the school hours.
Fredy
: Yes. I’ll tell others about it.
....
Putri
: You’re welcome.
In pairs, perform a short dialogue based on the following situation.
In the near future your parents are going to install internet connection for your
computer and it can help you do your homework and assignments. You tell your
classmates this interesting news.
Work in pairs and choose two of the following information
technology facilities and then tell interesting news on them. You
are free to tell any interesting news about the facilities. Tell the
news to your partner.
Picture 6.14
Pic
ture
6.15
Task 12
Task 13
Task 14
Mobile Phone
Floppy Disk
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Read the following report on e-mail and then complete the
summary. Present your summary to the class orally. The questions
may help you make your summary more organized.
E-mail is a popular communication facility. Every day, people in this world who
have internet access send billions of e-mail messages. E-mail can send any messages
around the world.
An e-mail is simply only a text message. In the beginning and even today, e-mail
messages contain a short piece of text. At present, attachment makes many e-mail
messages quite longer. With attachments, e-mail messages continue to be more
sophisticated. It can send audio files, audio-video files, pictures, documents, etc.
People can register to a certain email service provider. They will get their email
address in the format of ---- (email account)@----
(email service provider). The “@” sign is
to indicate that the user is 'at' some service provider.
With the World Wide Web, email starts to be made available with friendly web
by providers such as Yahoo and Hotmail. Now, e-mail is usually without charge.
Everyone has at least one email address. At present, e-mail is used by not just millions,
but hundreds of millions of people.
Adapted from: www.howstuffwork.com
Summary
1. What is e-mail?
_______________________________________________________________________
2. How does e-mail deliver messages to the recipient?
_______________________________________________________________________
3. What is an attachment in e-mail?
_______________________________________________________________________
Pic
ture
6.16
Pic
ture
6.17
Task 15
Yahoo Mobile
Flash Disk
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In groups of five, play a game. The rule is simple. Your teacher has
five pictures of IT facilities. Your job is to guess the items. You are
allowed to ask only 5 questions for each item. The questions are
about its size, shapes, etc. Write the items in the table below. Write
the clues that lead to your guess.
No
Items
Clues
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Focus on Reading and Writing
In groups of four, answer the following questions based on your
knowledge.
1. Are you familiar with SMS?
2. How often do you usually send SMS?
3. To whom do you usually send SMS?
4. Do you have any idea about how SMS works?
5. Do you know features of SMS?
Task 16
Task 17
F U N S P A C E
Which letter is always trying to find reasons?
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Read the following report on e-mail and find the meanings of the
words in the box based on the context. Then, read again the text and
answer the questions. You may work in pairs.
Words
Meanings
1. confirmation
•• • • •• •• • ••• ••
kb
...
2. delay
•• •••• •••
kb
...
3. delivered
•• ••••• • • ••
ks
...
4. development
•• ••• • •• • • • • •••
kb
...
5. device
•• ••• • ••••
kb
...
6. exchange
••• • •••• •• • • ••
kb
...
7. intended
••• ••• • • •• ••
ks
...
8. provide
•• •• •• • •• ••
kkt
...
9. queue
•• •• •••
kkt
...
10. recipient
••••••• •• • •••
kb
...
SMS
(
Short Message Service
)
SMS
(
Short Message Service
) is a communications system which exchanges
short text messages between mobile telephone devices. The SMS facilitates the
development and growth of text messaging.
Messages are sent to a Short Message Service Centre (SMSC) which provides a
store-and-forward mechanism.
It
attempts to send messages to their recipients. If a
recipient is not reachable, the SMSC queues the message for later retry. Some
SMSCs also provide a "forward and forget" option where message delivery is tried
only once. Message delivery is best effort, so there are no guarantees that a message
will actually be delivered to its recipient. Delay or complete loss of a message is not
uncommon, particularly when sending between networks. Users may choose to
request
delivery reports, which can provide confirmation that the message has
reached the intended recipient.
The maximum single text message size is either 160 7-bit characters, 140 8-bit
characters, or 70 16-bit characters. Characters in languages such as Arabic, Chinese,
Korean, Japanese or Slavic languages (e.g., Russian) must be encoded using the 16-
bit UCS-2 character encoding.
Larger content (known as "long SMS" or multipart or segmented SMS) can be
sent using
multiple
messages, in which case each message will start with a user
data header (UDH) containing segmentation information. Long messages are often
billed as equivalent to multiple SMS messages.
Adapted from: www.wikipedia.org
Task 18
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Questions
1. The text is about ....
a. the benefit of SMS
b. how text messages are delivered to the recipient
c. SMS and its features
d. SMS bill
2. What does SMS technology do to facilitate people to communicate with others?
a. It exchanges short text messages between mobile phones.
b. It streams video to television.
c. It delivers sounds using electromagnetic waves.
d. It sends messages through the internet.
3. In sending SMS, some operators use
transmission which tries only once called ...
.
a. store and forward
b. forward and forget
c. store and forget
d. forward and save
4. To get a positive confirmation that the message has reached the intended receiver,
we can request for ....
a. SMS bill
b. reply
c. store and forward mechanism
d. delivery report
5. “Message delivery is best effort.” (paragraph 2)
The sentence implies that
....
a. every SMS that we send will always deliver to the recipients
b. there are some SMSs which might be delayed or not sent to the recipients
c. some SMSCs have the authority not to deliver certain messages
d. almost all SMSCs find it difficult to deliver SMSs
6. What does the third paragraph tell us about?
a. The number of characters in an SMS.
b. SMS bill.
c. The main feature of SMS.
d. Mobile phone.
7.
“Long messages are often billed as equivalent to multiple SMS messages.” (last
paragraph)
The sentence means ...
.
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a. long SMS is billed as one single SMS
b. people will not get extra charge when using long SMS
c. every SMSC has different rules in billing long SMS
d. the SMS is billed per 160 characters even though you can send more characters
8.
“It attempts to send messages to their recipients.” (paragraph 2)
The word
“it”
in the sentence refers to....
a. the SMSC
b. the forward and forget mechanism
c. the store-and-forward mechanism
d. the mobile phone
9. The word request in paragraph 2 is similar in meaning to ....
a. ask for
b. get
c. collect
d. disappear
10. The word multiple in the last paragraph is opposite in meaning to ....
a. numerous
b. many
c. several
d. few
Notes
The text above is a report text. It explains what SMS is as well as its features. The
main elements of the text are general information about the subject and its specific
features.
Decide whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE based
on the report on SMS in Task 18. Correct the FALSE ones.
Statements
T
F
Corrections
1. SMS is a medium of communication
through mobile phone.
...
2. SMS can send text, audio, and even
video messages.
...
Task 19
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3. When we send an SMS, we send it
directly to the mobile phone we aim
at.
...
4. Delivery report provides confirmation
that the message has reached the
intended recipient.
...
5. Long messages are often billed as
equivalent to a single SMS message.
...
In pairs, read the text about e-mail in Task 18 again and then find
the main idea of each paragraph.
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Task 20
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123
Search for as many words related to information technology as
possible in the following box. Share the words you find with a
classmate.
In pairs, read a report on World Wide Web and then answer the
questions.
C
O
M
P
U
T
E
R
M
R
M
U
M G
M
M N E
T
W
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M J
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M S
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M A
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B
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P
H
O
N E
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web, or simply Web, is a way of accessing information
over the medium of the Internet. It is an information-sharing model that is built on
top of the Internet.
The Web uses the HTTP protocol, only one of the languages spoken over
the Internet, to transmit data. Web services, which use HTTP to allow applications
to communicate in order to exchange business logic, use the Web to share
information.
The Web also utilizes browsers, such as Internet Explorer or Netscape, to
access Web documents called Web pages that are linked to each other via
hyperlinks. Web documents also contain graphics, sounds, text and video.
Task 21
Task 22
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Through keyword-driven Internet research using search engines, like Google,
millions worldwide have easy, instant access to a vast and diverse amount of online
information. Compared to encyclopedias and traditional libraries, the World Wide Web
has enabled a sudden and extreme decentralization of information and data.
Adapted from www.wikipedia.org
Questions
1. What is the World Wide Web according to the text?
2. What is the use of HTTP in a Web?
3. What does the internet use to access Web documents called Web pages?
4.
...instant access to a
vast
and
diverse
amount of online information.
What are the Indonesian equivalents of the words VAST and DIVERSE?
5. Compared to encyclopedias and traditional libraries, the World Wide Web has
enabled a sudden and extreme
decentralization
of information and data (the last
sentence).
What does the sentence mean?
Study the report on World Wide Web in Task 22 again and then in
groups of four, write a similar report on Voice Telephony (VoIP).
You may find texts in the library, newspapers, or other sources for
information about VoIP. You can refer to the following questions as
your guideline in writing your report.
Questions
1. What do VoIP and IP stand for?
2. Is VoIP equivalent to traditional telephone? Why?
3. What are the benefits of VoIP?
4. What are the problems of VoIP?
5.
What is people’s response to the development of VoIP and who uses VoIP
nowadays?
In pairs, imagine an information technology facility you dream of.
Write down everything you want about the facility, for example
how it should work and the way you want to use it. Read the
description to your class.
1. How it works
____________________________________________________________________
2. How it connects people
____________________________________________________________________
3. The features it has
____________________________________________________________________
Task 23
Task 24
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4. Who can use the facility
____________________________________________________________________
5. Other things about the facility
____________________________________________________________________
In pairs, watch a TV programme or a movie and then note down
expressions to attract someone’s attention and to
tell interesting
news you find in the programme.
In pairs, read the following report and then answer the questions.
Compare your answers with
your classmates’
.
C. Homework
FLOPPY DISK
A floppy disk is a thin piece of magnetisable material inside a protective
envelope. The size of the disk is usually given as the diameter of the magnetic media,
with the two most common sizes being 5.25 inch and 3.5 inch. Although both sizes
are called floppies, the name actually comes from the 5.25-inch size, in which both
the envelope and the disk itself are thin enough to bend easily.
Both sizes of floppies are removable disks
—
that is, they must be inserted into
a compatible disk drive in order to be read from or written to. This drive is usually
internal to, or part of, a computer. Inside the drive, a motor spins the disk inside its
envelope and a read/write head moves over the surface of the disk on the end of an
arm called an actuator. The head in the floppy drive is much like that in a tape
recorder. To record information, the head magnetizes a small area on the surface of
the disk in a certain direction. To read information stored on the disk, the disk
controller
—
circuitry that controls the disk drive
—
directs the actuator to the location
of the information on the disk. The head then senses the direction of magnetization
of a small area on the disk and translates this into a signal that gets stored in RAM
until the CPU retrieves it. Most floppy drives today are double sided, with one head
on each side of the disk. This doubles the storage capacity of the disk, allowing it to
be written to on either side
Information is organized on the disk by dividing the disk into tracks and
sectors. Tracks are concentric circular regions on the surface of the disk; sectors are
pie-shaped wedges that intersect each of the tracks, further dividing them. Before a
floppy disk can be used, the computer must format it by placing special information
on the disk that enables the computer to find each track and sector.
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993
-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Task 25
Task 26
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Questions
1. What is the report mainly about?
2. What is the main feature of floppy disk?
3. How does it work according to the text?
4. How do people utilize it?
5. Who uses the facility nowadays?
In groups of four, write a simple report on one of the following IT
facilities. You can use the questions as your guideline in
developing the report.
Questions
1. What is the report mainly about?
2. What is the main feature of the facility?
3. How does it work according to the text?
4. How do people utilize it to send messages to others?
5. Who uses the facility nowadays?
In pairs, make dialogues based on the following situations.
1. You have found important information about a report you are doing from the
internet. You are trying to tell your friend about it.
2. You have got two tickets to the computer exhibition. You are trying to tell one of
your friends about it. You also want to ask her to company you to the exhibition.
3. You have some information on a new type memory. It runs faster than the previous
model and it is cheaper. You tell your friends about this interesting news so they can
switch to this new hardware.
D. Evaluation
Task 27
Task 28
Television
Mobile phone
Radio
Facsimile
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Read the report on streaming video below and then answer the
questions.
Questions
1. What does streaming video send in compressed form over the internet?
a. Text messages via mobile phones.
b. Sequence of moving pictures.
c. Text messages plus attachment.
d. A Web.
2. What is the main benefit of streaming video?
a. Users can send text messages to others.
b. Users can call others using the internet.
c. Users should not download the file before seeing the video.
d. Users can access much information via HTTP.
3. Why do the users need a
player
?
a. To play the video and audio data.
b. To browse many other Webs.
c. To call others through VoIP.
d. To attach more files to the messages.
STREAMING VIDEO
Streaming video is a sequence of "moving images" that are sent in
compressed form over the Internet and displayed by the viewer as they arrive.
Streaming media is streaming video with sound. With streaming video or streaming
media, a Web user does not have to wait to download a large file before seeing the
video or hearing the sound. Instead, the media is sent in a continuous stream and is
played as it arrives. The user needs a
player
, which is a special program that
uncompresses and sends video data to the display and audio data to speakers. A
player can be either an integral part of a browser or downloaded from the software
maker's Web site.
Streaming video is usually sent from prerecorded video files, but can be
distributed as part of a live broadcast "feed." In a live broadcast, the video signal is
converted into a compressed digital signal and transmitted from a special Web
server that is able to do multicast, sending the same file to
multiple
users at the same
time.
Adapted from:
http://searchunifiedcommunications.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid186_gci213055,00.html
Task 29
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4. “
A player can be either an integral part of a browser or downloaded from the
software maker's Web site.” (paragraph 1)
The sentence implies ...
.
a. Users cannot play the video if there is no
player
available on the Web
b. Every video has an integrated player
c. Users cannot download any player software
unless they are the Web’s maker
d. Not all
players
are available on the Web
5. “...
sending the same file to
multiple
users at the same time.” (paragraph 2)
The word
multiple
is similar in meaning to ...
.
a. hardly
b. numerous
c. average
d. normal
How much do you learn from this unit? Put a tick (
•) in the right box according to
how much you have learnt.
Aspects
Very much
Much
Little
Attracting someone’s attention
Telling interesting news
Understanding report texts
Writing report texts
E. Reflection
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129
In this unit you learn:
1.
How to attract someone’s attention
, for example:
2. How to tell interesting news, for example:
3.
Report texts
In formal situations:
I beg your pardon...
May I have your
attention...
?
Excuse me...
Could I mention that...
?
In informal situations:
Sorry
Hi
Harry (Names)
Look (and other imperatives)
In formal situations
I announce that...
This is our great pleasure
that...
In informal situations
I have big news
I have excellent news
marvelous, there is ...
F. Summary
A report text consists of general information of the item and specific features
of the item discussed. The social function of report texts is to present
information about something.
130
Scaffolding
|
English
for
Grade IX Students
access
••• • •• •••
kb
: akses
attachment
•• ••• ••• • • •••
kb
: lampiran
certain
••• • •••• ••
ks
: tertentu
charge
•••• •• • ••
kb
: biaya
delay
•• •••• •••
kb
: penundaan
deliver
•• ••••• • ••
kkt
: menyampaikan
development
•• ••• • •• • • • • •••
kb
: perkembangan
diverse
•• • ••• • ••••
ks
: bermacam-macam
download
••• • • • •• • • ••
kkt
: mengunduh
exchange
••• • •••• •• • • ••
kb
: pertukaran
guarantee
•• • •• • ••••••
kkt
: menjamin
protocol
••• •• • •• • • •••
kb
: bahasa komputer
provide
•• •• •• • •• ••
kkt
: menyediakan
recipient
••••••• •• • •••
kb
: penerima
retry
••••••• •••
kki
: mencoba kembali
streaming video
••• ••••• •• ••• •• •• • ••
kb
: pengiriman video
submit
••• • •• ••••
kkt
: mengumpulkan
transmit
•••• • • •• ••••
kkt
: mengirimkan
uncompress
•• • •• • • • •• •••
kkt
: mengekstrak
vast
•• • •••••
ks
: sangat besar
G. Vocabulary List